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import * as vtkMath from 'vtk.js/Sources/Common/Core/Math';
import vtkActor from 'vtk.js/Sources/Rendering/Core/Actor';
import vtkCamera from 'vtk.js/Sources/Rendering/Core/Camera';
import vtkDataArray from 'vtk.js/Sources/Common/Core/DataArray';
import vtkPolyData from 'vtk.js/Sources/Common/DataModel/PolyData';
import vtkMapper from 'vtk.js/Sources/Rendering/Core/Mapper';
import vtkCellArray from 'vtk.js/Sources/Common/Core/CellArray';
import vtkTransform from 'vtk.js/Sources/Common/Transform/Transform';
import GLTFParser from 'vtk.js/Sources/IO/Geometry/GLTFImporter/Parser';
import {
ALPHA_MODE,
MODES,
SEMANTIC_ATTRIBUTE_MAP,
} from 'vtk.js/Sources/IO/Geometry/GLTFImporter/Constants';
import {
createVTKTextureFromGLTFTexture,
loadImage,
} from 'vtk.js/Sources/IO/Geometry/GLTFImporter/Utils';
import {
handleKHRDracoMeshCompression,
handleKHRLightsPunctual,
handleKHRMaterialsIor,
handleKHRMaterialsSpecular,
handleKHRMaterialsUnlit,
handleKHRMaterialsVariants,
} from 'vtk.js/Sources/IO/Geometry/GLTFImporter/Extensions';
import { mat4, quat, vec3 } from 'gl-matrix';
const { vtkWarningMacro, vtkDebugMacro } = macro;
/**
* Parses a GLTF objects
* @param {Object} gltf - The GLTF object to parse
* @returns {glTF} The parsed GLTF object
*/
async function parseGLTF(gltf, options) {
const parser = new GLTFParser(gltf, options);
const tree = await parser.parse();
return tree;
}
/**
* Creates VTK polydata from a GLTF mesh
* @param {GLTFMesh} mesh - The GLTF mesh
* @returns {vtkPolyData} The created VTK polydata
*/
async function createPolyDataFromGLTFMesh(mesh) {
const primitive = mesh.primitives[0]; // For simplicity, we'll just use the first primitive
if (!primitive || !primitive.attributes) {
vtkWarningMacro('Mesh has no position data, skipping');
return null;
}
const mode = primitive.mode;
if (primitive.extensions?.KHR_draco_mesh_compression) {
return handleKHRDracoMeshCompression(
primitive.extensions.KHR_draco_mesh_compression
);
}
const polyData = vtkPolyData.newInstance();
const cells = vtkCellArray.newInstance();
const pointData = polyData.getPointData();
const attrs = Object.entries(primitive.attributes);
attrs.forEach(async ([attributeName, accessor]) => {
switch (attributeName) {
case SEMANTIC_ATTRIBUTE_MAP.POSITION: {
const position = primitive.attributes.position.value;
polyData
.getPoints()
.setData(position, primitive.attributes.position.component);
break;
}
case SEMANTIC_ATTRIBUTE_MAP.NORMAL: {
const normals = primitive.attributes.normal.value;
pointData.setNormals(
vtkDataArray.newInstance({
name: 'Normals',
values: normals,
numberOfComponents: primitive.attributes.normal.components,
})
);
break;
}
case SEMANTIC_ATTRIBUTE_MAP.COLOR_0: {
const color = primitive.attributes.color.value;
pointData.setScalars(
vtkDataArray.newInstance({
name: 'Scalars',
values: color,
numberOfComponents: primitive.attributes.color.components,
})
);
break;
}
case SEMANTIC_ATTRIBUTE_MAP.TEXCOORD_0: {
const tcoords0 = primitive.attributes.texcoord0.value;
const da = vtkDataArray.newInstance({
name: 'TEXCOORD_0',
values: tcoords0,
numberOfComponents: primitive.attributes.texcoord0.components,
});
pointData.addArray(da);
pointData.setActiveTCoords(da.getName());
break;
}
case SEMANTIC_ATTRIBUTE_MAP.TEXCOORD_1: {
const tcoords = primitive.attributes.texcoord1.value;
const dac = vtkDataArray.newInstance({
name: 'TEXCOORD_1',
values: tcoords,
numberOfComponents: primitive.attributes.texcoord1.components,
});
pointData.addArray(dac);
break;
}
case SEMANTIC_ATTRIBUTE_MAP.TANGENT: {
const tangent = primitive.attributes.tangent.value;
const dat = vtkDataArray.newInstance({
name: 'Tangents',
values: tangent,
numberOfComponents: primitive.attributes.tangent.components,
});
pointData.addArray(dat);
break;
}
default:
vtkWarningMacro(`Unhandled attribute: ${attributeName}`);
}
});
// Handle indices if available
if (primitive.indices !== undefined) {
const indices = primitive.indices.value;
const nCells = indices.length - 2;
switch (mode) {
case MODES.GL_LINE_STRIP:
case MODES.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP:
case MODES.GL_LINE_LOOP:
vtkWarningMacro('GL_LINE_LOOP not implemented');
break;
default:
cells.resize((4 * indices.length) / 3);
for (let cellId = 0; cellId < nCells; cellId += 3) {
const cell = indices.slice(cellId, cellId + 3);
cells.insertNextCell(cell);
}
}
}
switch (mode) {
case MODES.GL_TRIANGLES:
case MODES.GL_TRIANGLE_FAN:
polyData.setPolys(cells);
break;
case MODES.GL_LINES:
case MODES.GL_LINE_STRIP:
case MODES.GL_LINE_LOOP:
polyData.setLines(cells);
break;
case MODES.GL_POINTS:
polyData.setVerts(cells);
break;
case MODES.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP:
polyData.setStrips(cells);
break;
default:
vtkWarningMacro('Invalid primitive draw mode. Ignoring connectivity.');
}
return polyData;
}
/**
* Creates a VTK property from a GLTF material
* @param {*} model - The vtk model object
* @param {GLTFMaterial} material - The GLTF material
* @param {vtkActor} actor - The VTK actor
*/
async function createPropertyFromGLTFMaterial(model, material, actor) {
let metallicFactor = 1.0;
let roughnessFactor = 1.0;
const emissiveFactor = material.emissiveFactor;
const property = actor.getProperty();
const pbr = material.pbrMetallicRoughness;
if (pbr !== undefined) {
if (
!pbr?.metallicFactor ||
pbr?.metallicFactor <= 0 ||
pbr?.metallicFactor >= 1
) {
vtkWarningMacro(
'Invalid material.pbrMetallicRoughness.metallicFactor value. Using default value instead.'
);
} else metallicFactor = pbr.metallicFactor;
if (
!pbr?.roughnessFactor ||
pbr?.roughnessFactor <= 0 ||
pbr?.roughnessFactor >= 1
) {
vtkWarningMacro(
'Invalid material.pbrMetallicRoughness.roughnessFactor value. Using default value instead.'
);
} else roughnessFactor = pbr.roughnessFactor;
const color = pbr.baseColorFactor;
if (color !== undefined) {
property.setDiffuseColor(color[0], color[1], color[2]);
property.setOpacity(color[3]);
}
property.setMetallic(metallicFactor);
property.setRoughness(roughnessFactor);
property.setEmission(emissiveFactor);
if (pbr.baseColorTexture) {
const extensions = pbr.baseColorTexture.extensions;
const tex = pbr.baseColorTexture.texture;
if (tex.extensions !== undefined) {
const extensionsNames = Object.keys(tex.extensions);
extensionsNames.forEach((extensionName) => {
// TODO: Handle KHR_texture_basisu extension
// const extension = tex.extensions[extensionName];
switch (extensionName) {
default:
vtkWarningMacro(`Unhandled extension: ${extensionName}`);
}
});
}
const sampler = tex.sampler;
const image = await loadImage(tex.source);
const diffuseTex = createVTKTextureFromGLTFTexture(
image,
sampler,
extensions
);
// FIXME: Workaround for textures not showing up in WebGL
const viewAPI = model.renderer.getRenderWindow();
const isWebGL = viewAPI.getViews()[0].isA('vtkOpenGLRenderWindow');
if (isWebGL) {
actor.addTexture(diffuseTex);
} else {
property.setDiffuseTexture(diffuseTex);
}
}
if (pbr.metallicRoughnessTexture) {
const extensions = pbr.metallicRoughnessTexture.extensions;
const tex = pbr.metallicRoughnessTexture.texture;
const sampler = tex.sampler;
const metallicImage = await loadImage(tex.source, 'b');
const metallicTex = createVTKTextureFromGLTFTexture(
metallicImage,
sampler,
extensions
);
property.setMetallicTexture(metallicTex);
const roughnessImage = await loadImage(tex.source, 'g');
const roughnessTex = createVTKTextureFromGLTFTexture(
roughnessImage,
sampler,
extensions
);
property.setRoughnessTexture(roughnessTex);
}
// Handle ambient occlusion texture (occlusionTexture)
if (material.occlusionTexture) {
const extensions = material.occlusionTexture.extensions;
const tex = material.occlusionTexture.texture;
const sampler = tex.sampler;
const aoImage = await loadImage(tex.source, 'r');
const aoTex = createVTKTextureFromGLTFTexture(
aoImage,
sampler,
extensions
);
property.setAmbientOcclusionTexture(aoTex);
}
// Handle emissive texture (emissiveTexture)
if (material.emissiveTexture) {
const extensions = material.emissiveTexture.extensions;
const tex = material.emissiveTexture.texture;
const sampler = tex.sampler;
const emissiveImage = await loadImage(tex.source);
const emissiveTex = createVTKTextureFromGLTFTexture(
emissiveImage,
sampler,
extensions
);
property.setEmissionTexture(emissiveTex);
// Handle mutiple Uvs
if (material.emissiveTexture.texCoord !== undefined) {
const pd = actor.getMapper().getInputData().getPointData();
pd.setActiveTCoords(`TEXCOORD_${material.emissiveTexture.texCoord}`);
}
}
// Handle normal texture (normalTexture)
if (material.normalTexture) {
const extensions = material.normalTexture.extensions;
const tex = material.normalTexture.texture;
const sampler = tex.sampler;
const normalImage = await loadImage(tex.source);
const normalTex = createVTKTextureFromGLTFTexture(
normalImage,
sampler,
extensions
);
property.setNormalTexture(normalTex);
if (material.normalTexture.scale !== undefined) {
property.setNormalStrength(material.normalTexture.scale);
}
}
}
// Material extensions
if (material.extensions !== undefined) {
const extensionsNames = Object.keys(material.extensions);
extensionsNames.forEach((extensionName) => {
const extension = material.extensions[extensionName];
switch (extensionName) {
case 'KHR_materials_unlit':
handleKHRMaterialsUnlit(extension, property);
break;
case 'KHR_materials_ior':
handleKHRMaterialsIor(extension, property);
break;
case 'KHR_materials_specular':
handleKHRMaterialsSpecular(extension, property);
break;
default:
vtkWarningMacro(`Unhandled extension: ${extensionName}`);
}
});
}
if (material.alphaMode !== ALPHA_MODE.OPAQUE) {
actor.setForceTranslucent(true);
}
property.setBackfaceCulling(!material.doubleSided);
}
/**
* Handles primitive extensions
* @param {*} extensions The extensions object
* @param {*} model The vtk model object
* @param {GLTFNode} node The GLTF node
*/
function handlePrimitiveExtensions(extensions, model, node) {
const extensionsNames = Object.keys(extensions);
extensionsNames.forEach((extensionName) => {
const extension = extensions[extensionName];
switch (extensionName) {
case 'KHR_materials_variants':
model.variantMappings.set(node.id, extension.mappings);
break;
default:
vtkWarningMacro(`Unhandled extension: ${extensionName}`);
}
});
}
/**
* Creates a VTK actor from a GLTF mesh
* @param {GLTFMesh} mesh - The GLTF mesh
* @returns {vtkActor} The created VTK actor
*/
async function createActorFromGTLFNode(model, node, worldMatrix) {
const actor = vtkActor.newInstance();
const mapper = vtkMapper.newInstance();
mapper.setColorModeToDirectScalars();
actor.setMapper(mapper);
actor.setUserMatrix(worldMatrix);
if (node.mesh !== undefined) {
const polyData = await createPolyDataFromGLTFMesh(node.mesh);
mapper.setInputData(polyData);
const primitive = node.mesh.primitives[0]; // the first one for now
// Support for materials
if (primitive.material !== undefined) {
await createPropertyFromGLTFMaterial(model, primitive.material, actor);
}
if (primitive.extensions !== undefined) {
handlePrimitiveExtensions(primitive.extensions, model, node);
}
} else {
const polyData = vtkPolyData.newInstance();
mapper.setInputData(polyData);
}
return actor;
}
/**
*
* @param {GLTFAnimation} animation
* @returns
*/
function createGLTFAnimation(animation) {
vtkDebugMacro('Creating animation:', animation);
return {
name: animation.name,
channels: animation.channels,
samplers: animation.samplers,
getChannelByTargetNode(nodeIndex) {
return this.channels.filter(
(channel) => channel.target.node === nodeIndex
);
},
};
}
/**
* Gets the transformation matrix for a GLTF node
* @param {GLTFNode} node - The GLTF node
* @returns {mat4} The transformation matrix
*/
function getTransformationMatrix(node) {
// TRS
const translation = node.translation ?? vec3.create();
const rotation = node.rotation ?? quat.create();
const scale = node.scale ?? vec3.fromValues(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
const matrix =
node.matrix !== undefined
? mat4.clone(node.matrix)
: mat4.fromRotationTranslationScale(
mat4.create(),
rotation,
translation,
scale
);
return matrix;
}
/**
* Processes a GLTF node
* @param {GLTFnode} node - The GLTF node
* @param {object} model The model object
* @param {vtkActor} parentActor The parent actor
* @param {mat4} parentMatrix The parent matrix
*/
async function processNode(
node,
model,
parentActor = null,
parentMatrix = mat4.create()
) {
node.transform = getTransformationMatrix(node);
const worldMatrix = mat4.multiply(
mat4.create(),
parentMatrix,
node.transform
);
// Create actor for the current node
const actor = await createActorFromGTLFNode(model, node, worldMatrix);
if (actor) {
actor.setUserMatrix(worldMatrix);
if (parentActor) {
actor.setParentProp(parentActor);
}
model.actors.set(node.id, actor);
}
// Handle KHRLightsPunctual extension
if (node.extensions?.KHR_lights_punctual) {
handleKHRLightsPunctual(
node.extensions.KHR_lights_punctual,
node.transform,
model
);
}
if (
node.children &&
Array.isArray(node.children) &&
node.children.length > 0
) {
await Promise.all(
node.children.map(async (child) => {
const parent = model.actors.get(node.id);
await processNode(child, model, parent, worldMatrix);
})
);
}
}
/**
* Creates VTK actors from a GLTF object
* @param {glTF} glTF - The GLTF object
* @param {number} sceneId - The scene index to create actors for
* @returns {vtkActor[]} The created VTK actors
*/
async function createVTKObjects(model) {
model.animations = model.glTFTree.animations?.map(createGLTFAnimation);
const extensionsNames = Object.keys(model.glTFTree?.extensions || []);
extensionsNames.forEach((extensionName) => {
const extension = model.glTFTree.extensions[extensionName];
switch (extensionName) {
case 'KHR_materials_variants':
handleKHRMaterialsVariants(extension, model);
break;
case 'KHR_draco_mesh_compression':
break;
default:
vtkWarningMacro(`Unhandled extension: ${extensionName}`);
}
});
// Get the sceneId to process
const sceneId = model.sceneId ?? model.glTFTree.scene;
if (model.glTFTree.scenes?.length && model.glTFTree.scenes[sceneId]?.nodes) {
await Promise.all(
model.glTFTree.scenes[sceneId].nodes.map(async (node) => {
if (node) {
await processNode(node, model);
} else {
vtkWarningMacro(`Node not found in glTF.nodes`);
}
})
);
} else {
vtkWarningMacro('No valid scenes found in the glTF data');
}
}
/**
* Sets up the camera for a vtk renderer based on the bounds of the given actors.
*
* @param {GLTCamera} camera - The GLTF camera object
*/
function GLTFCameraToVTKCamera(glTFCamera) {
const camera = vtkCamera.newInstance();
if (glTFCamera.type === 'perspective') {
const { yfov, znear, zfar } = glTFCamera.perspective;
camera.setClippingRange(znear, zfar);
camera.setParallelProjection(false);
camera.setViewAngle(vtkMath.degreesFromRadians(yfov));
} else if (glTFCamera.type === 'orthographic') {
const { ymag, znear, zfar } = glTFCamera.orthographic;
camera.setClippingRange(znear, zfar);
camera.setParallelProjection(true);
camera.setParallelScale(ymag);
} else {
throw new Error('Unsupported camera type');
}
return camera;
}
/**
*
* @param {vtkCamera} camera
* @param {*} transformMatrix
*/
function applyTransformToCamera(camera, transformMatrix) {
if (!camera || !transformMatrix) {
return;
}
// At identity, camera position is origin, +y up, -z view direction
const position = [0, 0, 0];
const viewUp = [0, 1, 0];
const focus = [0, 0, -1];
const t = vtkTransform.newInstance();
t.setMatrix(transformMatrix);
// Transform position
t.transformPoint(position, position);
t.transformPoints(viewUp, viewUp);
t.transformPoints(focus, focus);
focus[0] += position[0];
focus[1] += position[1];
focus[2] += position[2];
// Apply the transformed values to the camera
camera.setPosition(position);
camera.setFocalPoint(focus);
camera.setViewUp(viewUp);
}
export {
applyTransformToCamera,
createPropertyFromGLTFMaterial,
parseGLTF,
createVTKObjects,
GLTFCameraToVTKCamera,
};
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